$x-y=1$

$x+y=x^{2}-3$

Which ordered pair is a solution to the system of equations above?

The first term of a sequence is 9. Each term after the first is 4 times the preceding term. If $w$ represents the $n$th term of the sequence, which equation gives $w$ in terms of $n$?

$\bm{f}(\bm{x})=9,000(0.66)^{x}$

The given function $f$ models the number of advertisements a company sent to its clients each year, where $\bm{x}$ represents the number of years since 1997, and $0\leq\bm{x}\leq 5$. If $y=\bm{f}(\bm{x})$ is graphed in the $xy$-plane, which of the following is the best interpretation of the $y$-intercept of the graph in this context?

$x^{2}-2x-9=0$

One solution to the given equation can be written as $1+\sqrt{k}$, where $k$ is a constant. What is the value of $k$?

The function $\bm{f}$ is defined by $\bm{f}(\bm{x})=(-8)(2)^{x}+22$. What is the $y$-intercept of the graph of $\bm{y}=\bm{f}(\bm{x})$ in the xy-plane?

$h(x)=2(x-4)^{2}-32$

The quadratic function $h$ is defined as shown. In the $xy$-plane, the graph of $y=h(x)$ intersects the $x$-axis at the points $(0,0)$ and $(t,0)$, where $t$ is a constant. What is the value of $t$?

$x=49$

$y=\sqrt{x}+9$

The graphs of the given equations intersect at the point $(x,y)$ in the $xy$-plane. What is the value of $y$?

Which expression is equivalent to $\frac{8x(x-7)-3(x-7)}{2x-14}$, where $x>7$?

$(x+5)+(2x-3)$

Which of the following is equivalent to the given expression?

$x^{2}-x-1=0$

What values satisfy the equation above?

If $p=3x+4$ and $v=x+5$, which of the following is equivalent to $p\nu-2p+\nu$ ?

Marta Coll and colleagues' 2010 Mediterranean Sea biodiversity census reported approximately 17,000 species, nearly double the number reported in Carlo Bianchi and Carla Morri's 2000 census--a difference only partly attributable to the description of new invertebrate species in the interim. Another factor is that the morphological variability of microorganisms is poorly understood compared to that of vertebrates, invertebrates, plants, and algae, creating uncertainty about how to evaluate microorganisms as species. Researchers' decisions on such matters therefore can be highly consequential. Indeed, the two censuses reported similar counts of vertebrate, plant, and algal species, suggesting that _______

Which choice most logically completes the text?

Researchers recently experimented to understand how we use rankings to make decisions. They created a fictitious travel website describing five museums in London. Then, they invited two groups of participants, who had never visited the museums, to review the site and select the museum they would be most likely to visit. Meanwhile, the researchers tracked the amount of time each participant spent reading about each museum. For one group, the website ranked each museum, titling the page “The Top 5 Museums in London.” For the other group, the museums and their descriptions were not ranked. The researchers concluded that when reviewing ranked lists, we tend to focus on the top-ranked option. 

Which choice best describes data in the table that supports the researchers' conclusion?

A group of researchers working in Europe, Asia, and Oceania conducted a study to determine how quickly different Eurasian languages are typically spoken (in syllables per second) and how much information they can effectively convey (in bits per second). They found that, although languages vary widely in the speed at which they are spoken, the amount of information languages can effectively convey tends to vary much less. Thus, they claim that two languages with very different spoken rates can nonetheless convey the same amount of information in a given amount of time.

Which choice best describes data from the table that supports the researchers' claim?

Alicia Montesinos-Navarro, Isabelle Storer, and Rocío Perez-Barrales recently examined several plots within a diverse plant community in southeast Spain. The researchers calculated that if individual plants were randomly distributed on this particular landscape, only about 15% would be with other plants in patches of vegetation. They counted the number of juvenile plants of five species growing in patches of vegetation and the number growing alone on bare ground and compared those numbers to what would be expected if the plants were randomly distributed. Based on these results, they claim that plants of these species that grow near other plants gain an advantage at an early developmental stage.

Which choice best describes data from the table that supports the researchers' claim?

In a survey of public perceptions of energy use, researcher Shahzeen Attari and her team asked respondents to name the most effective action ordinary people can take to conserve energy. The team categorized each action as either efficiency or curtailment and found that respondents tended to name curtailments more often than they did efficiencies. For example, 19.6% of respondents stated that the most effective way to conserve energy is to turn off the lights, while only ______ 

Which choice most effectively uses data from the table to complete the text?

When hibernating, Alaska marmots and Arctic ground squirrels enter a state called torpor, which minimizes the energy their bodies need to function. Often a hibernating animal will temporarily come out of torpor (called an arousal episode) and its metabolic rate will rise, burning more of the precious energy the animal needs to survive the winter. Alaska marmots hibernate in groups and therefore burn less energy keeping warm during these episodes than they would if they were alone. A researcher hypothesized that because Arctic ground squirrels hibernate alone, they would likely exhibit longer bouts of torpor and shorter arousal episodes than Alaska marmots.

Which choice best describes data from the table that supports the researcher’s hypothesis? 

Swahili is estimated to be the first language of up to 15 million people worldwide. It's also an officially recognized language in Tanzania, Kenya, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, which means these countries use Swahili in government documents and proceedings. But even in countries where almost everyone speaks Swahili, for many, it isn't their first language but is instead their second, third, or even fourth language.

Which choice most effectively uses data from the table to support the underlined claim?

Rows in the table may not add up to 100 due to rounding.

Georgia Tech roboticists De’Aira Bryant and Ayanna Howard, along with ethicist Jason Borenstein, were interested in people’s perceptions of robots' competence. They recruited participants and asked them how likely they think it is that a robot could do the work required in various occupations. Participants’ evaluations varied widely depending on which occupation was being considered; for example, ______ 

Which choice most effectively uses data from the table to complete the example?

The largest tyrannosaurids—the family of carnivorous dinosaurs that includes Tarbosaurus, Albertosaurus, and, most famously, Tyrannosaurus rex—are thought to have had the strongest bites of any land animals in Earth’s history. Determining the bite force of extinct animals can be difficult, however, and paleontologists Paul Barrett and Emily Rayfield have suggested that an estimate of dinosaur bite force may be significantly influenced by the methodology used in generating that estimate.

Which choice best describes data from the table that support Barrett and Rayfield's suggestion?

The Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), a band of clouds that encircles Earth in the tropics and is a major rainfall source, shifts position in response to temperature variations across Earth's hemispheres. Data from Huagapo Cave in Peru suggest the ITCZ shifted south during the Little Ice Age (circa 1300-1850), but a shift as far into South America as Huagapo should have led to dry conditions in Central America, which is inconsistent with climate models. To resolve the issue, geologist Yemane Asmerom and colleagues collected data from Yok Balum Cave in Central America and compared them with the Huagapo data. They concluded that during the Little Ice Age, the ITCZ may have expanded northward and southward rather than simply shifted.

Which finding from Asmerom and colleagues' study, if true, would most directly support their conclusion?

E-books became an increasingly popular means of reading in the United States in the 2000s and 2010s, though that popularity was concentrated in titles that, like those in most fiction genres, are meant to be read straight through from beginning to end. For books in nonfiction genres that do not tell stories and require the reader to flip back and forth through a volume, e-books were significantly less commercially successful. This can be seen by comparing ______ 

Which choice most effectively uses data from the table to illustrate the claim?

Native to Latin America, the cane toad was introduced to Australia in the 1930s. In recent decades, tadpoles in the Australian population have been shown to consume eggs of their species. A 2022 study showed that when presented with cane toad eggs as well as eggs of native Australian amphibians, cane toad tadpoles disproportionately consumed eggs of their species. This behavior results from their attraction to bufadienolide, a chemical produced by the eggs of cane toads but not by the eggs of native amphibians. However, using data from this study, a student wishes to argue that the presence of bufadienolide doesn't entirely explain the cane toad tadpoles' preference for certain eggs over others.

Which choice best describes data from the table that supports the student's argument?

Archaeologists and historians used to believe that the Maya civilization during its Classic period (roughly 250-900) lacked agricultural marketplaces. One reason for this belief was that these scholars misunderstood the ecology of the regions the Maya inhabited. Marketplaces typically emerge because different individuals or groups want to trade resources they control for resources they don't control. Scholars seriously underestimated the ecological diversity of the Maya landscape and thus assumed that ________

Which choice most logically completes the text?

Rows in the table may not add up to 100 due to rounding.

Over the past two hundred years, the percentage of the population employed in the agricultural sector has declined in both France and the United States, while employment in the service sector (which includes jobs in retail, consulting, real estate, etc.) has risen. However, this transition happened at very different rates in the two countries. This can be seen most clearly by comparing the employment by sector in both countries in ______ 

Which choice most effectively uses data from the table to complete the statement?