The poem Beowulf begins with the word "hwæt," which is an Old English ________ as "hark!" or "listen!" in some versions, the word was playfully rendered as "bro!" by Maria Dahvana Headley in her 2020 translation of the poem.

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The human brain is primed to recognize faces--so much so that, due to a perceptual tendency called pareidolia, ________ will even find faces in clouds, wooden doors, pieces of fruit, and other faceless inanimate objects. Researcher Susan Magsamen has focused her work on better understanding this everyday phenomenon.

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In Death Valley National Park's Racetrack Playa, a flat, dry lakebed, are 162 rocks--some weighing less than a pound but others almost 700 pounds--that move periodically from place to place, seemingly of their own volition. Racetrack-like trails in the ________ mysterious migration.

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Earth is not a perfect sphere. Due to the _______ gravitational pull, Earth bulges out on the sides closest to and farthest from the Moon. This distorting pull is known as a tidal force, and it is responsible for the changes in water levels that are called high and low tides.

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Food and the sensation of taste are central to Monique Truong’s novels. In The Book of Salt, for example, the exiled character of Bình connects to his native Saigon through the food he prepares, while in Bitter in the Mouth, the character of Linda ________ a form of synesthesia whereby the words she hears evoke tastes.

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The Tantaquidgeon Museum in Uncasville, Connecticut, was founded in 1931 with the goal of showcasing the culture and history of the Mohegan ________ today, nearly a century later, it is the oldest Native-owned and -operated museum in the country.

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Robin Wall Kimmerer of the Citizen Potawatomi Nation is a hypologist, a plant scientist who specializes in mosses. To Kimmerer, mosses are Earth's most adaptable plants: they can clone ________ enter a dormant state in times of drought, and grow in areas that don't have soil.

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Compared to that of alumina glass, ________ silica glass atoms are so far apart that they are unable to re-form bonds after being separated.

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In 1727, dramatist Lewis Theobald presented a new play, Double Falsehood, at a London theater. Theobald claimed that his drama was based on a little-known play by William Shakespeare, Cardenio. Many, including poet Alexander Pope, were ________ historians have determined that Shakespeare's company did perform a play called Cardenio in 1613.

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Planetary scientist Briony Horgan and her colleagues have determined that as much as 25 percent of the sand on Mars is composed of impact spherules. These spherical bits of glass form when asteroids collide with the planet, ejecting bits of molten rock into the atmosphere that, after cooling and solidifying into glass, ________ back onto Mars's surface.

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According to Naomi Nakayama of the University of Edinburgh, the reason seeds from a dying dandelion appear to float in the air while ________ is that their porous plumes enhance drag, allowing the seeds to stay airborne long enough for the wind to disperse them throughout the surrounding area.

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In 2010, archaeologist Norel Hidalgo Tan was visiting the twelfth-century temple of Angkor Wat in Cambodia when he noticed markings of red paint on the walls of the temple ________ the help of digital imaging techniques, he discovered the markings to be part of an elaborate mural containing over 200 paintings.

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In winter, the diets of Japanese macaques, also known as snow monkeys, are influenced more by food availability than by food preference. Although the monkeys prefer to eat vegetation and land-dwelling invertebrates, those food sources may become unavailable because of extensive snow and ice cover, ________ the monkeys to hunt for marine animals in any streams that have not frozen over.

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In 1959, the film industry debuted Smell-O-Vision, a technology in which theaters were fitted with specialized vents that emitted odors at specific points in a ________ as the scent of roses when roses appeared in a scene. Smell-O-Vision failed to impress, however, with one reviewer declaring it "briefly weird and not very interesting."

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The forty-seven geothermal springs of Arkansas' Hot Springs National Park are sourced via a process known as natural groundwater recharge, in which rainwater percolates downward through the earth--in this case, the porous rocks of the hills around Hot ________ collect in a subterranean basin

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When writing The Other Black Girl (2021), novelist Zakiya Dallia Harris drew on her own experiences working at a publishing office. The award-winning book is Harris's first novel, but her writing ________ honored before. At the age of twelve, she entered a contest to have a story published in American Girl magazine--and won.

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In the canon of North African literature, Moroccan author Driss Chraibi's 1954 novel The Simple Past (Le Passe simple), looms large. A coming-of-age story, a social meditation, and a sober gaze into the dark maw of French colonialism, ________ interrogates systemic power with memorable intensity.

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Materials scientist Marie-Agathe Charpagne and her colleagues believed they could improve on the multi-component alloy NiCoCr, an equal-proportions mixture of nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), and chromium (Cr), by replacing chromium with ruthenium ________ the alloy that resulted, NiCoRu, turned out to be an unsuitable replacement for NiCoCr.

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In his groundbreaking book _Bengali Harlem and the Lost Histories of South Asian America_, Vivek Bald uses newspaper articles, census records, ships' logs, and memoirs to tell the ________ who made New York City their home in the early twentieth century.

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When particles are suspended in liquid (like pollen in a water glass), they will zigzag randomly through the liquid and collide with one another in perpetuity. This type of random, continuous ________ is known as Brownian motion, can be observed throughout the natural world.

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The intense pressure found in the deep ocean can affect the structure of proteins in fish's cells, distorting the proteins' shape. The chemical trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) counters this effect, ensuring that proteins retain their original ________ is found in high concentrations in the cells of the deepest-dwelling fish.

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Cheng Dang and her colleagues at the University of Washington recently ran simulations to determine the extent to which individual snow ________ affect the amount of light reflecting off a snowy surface.

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Humans were long thought to have begun occupying the Peruvian settlement of Machu Picchu between 1440 and 1450 CE. However, a team led by anthropologist Dr. Richard Burger used accelerator mass spectrometry to uncover evidence that it was occupied ________ 1420 CE, according to Burger, humans were likely inhabiting the area.

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A study published by Rice University geoscientist Ming Tang in 2019 offers a new explanation for the origin of Earth's ________ structures called arcs, towering ridges that form when a dense oceanic plate subducts under a less dense continental plate, melts in the mantle below, and then rises and bursts through the continental crust above.

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Far from being modern inventions, ________ more than 5,000 years ago.

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