ShowPer Page
Polyphenols are organic compounds ________ among their many roles, provide pigment that helps protect plants against ultraviolet radiation from sunlight.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
Reading and WritingStandard English Conventions
The African Games Co-production Market, one of over 180 annual international conferences supporting video game development, ________ the growth of the African gaming industry by helping start-up studios in Africa find partners.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
Reading and WritingStandard English Conventions
Sociologist Alton Okinaka sits on the review board tasked with adding new sites to the Hawaii Register of Historic Places, which includes Pillianhale Heiau and the 'Opaeka'a Road Bridge. Okinaka doesn't make such decisions ________ all historical designations must be approved by a group of nine other experts from the fields of architecture, archaeology, history, and Hawaiian culture.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
Reading and WritingStandard English Conventions
About 70,000 meteorites have been found on Earth. Although most meteorites are fragments of ________ hundred have been identified as being from the Moon or Mars.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
Reading and WritingStandard English Conventions
Archaeologists have estimated that the pre-Columbian Native American city of Cahokia, located across the Mississippi River from modern-day St. Louis, Missouri, had as many as 20,000 inhabitants in the year 1150 ________ it one of the largest cities in North America at the time.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
Reading and WritingStandard English Conventions
In her two major series "Memory Test" and "Autobiography," painter Howardena Pindell explored themes ________ healing, self-discovery, and memory by cutting and sewing back together pieces of canvas and inserting personal artifacts, such as postcards, into some of the paintings.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
Reading and WritingStandard English Conventions
In order to prevent nonnative fish species from moving freely between the Mediterranean and Red Seas, marine biologist Bella Galil has proposed that a saline lock system be installed along the Suez Canal in Egypt’s Great Bitter Lakes. The lock would increase the salinity of the lakes and ________ a natural barrier of water most marine creatures would be unable to cross.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
Reading and WritingStandard English Conventions
Known as Earth's "living skin," biocrusts are thin layers of soil held together by surface-dwelling microorganisms such as fungi, lichens, and cyanobacteria. Fortifying soil in arid ecosystems against erosion, ________

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
Reading and WritingStandard English Conventions
After the United Kingdom began rolling out taxes equivalent to a few cents on single-use plastic grocery bags in 2011, plastic-bag consumption decreased by up to ninety ________ taxes are subject to what economists call the "rebound effect": as the change became normalized, plastic-bag use started to creep back up.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
Reading and WritingStandard English Conventions
When they were first discovered in Australia in 1798, the duck-billed, beaver-tailed platypuses so defied categorization that one scientist assigned them the name Ornithorhynchus paradoxus: "paradoxical bird-snout." The animal, which lays eggs but also nurses ________ young with milk, has since been classified as belonging to the monotremes group.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
Reading and WritingStandard English Conventions
Typically, underlines, scribbles, and notes left in the margins by a former owner lower a book's ________ when the former owner is a famous poet like Walt Whitman, such markings, known as marginalia, can be a gold mine to literary scholars.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
Reading and WritingStandard English Conventions
On sunny days, dark rooftops absorb solar energy and convert it to unwanted heat, raising the surrounding air ________ a light-colored covering to an existing dark roof, either by attaching prefabricated reflective sheets or spraying on a paint-like coating, helps combat this effect.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
Reading and WritingStandard English Conventions
In the 1950s, a man named Joseph McVicker was struggling to keep his business afloat when his sister-in-law Kay Zufall advised him to repurpose the company's product, a nontoxic, clay-like substance for removing soot from wallpaper as a modeling putty for kids. Additionally, Zufall ________ selling the product under a child-friendly name: Play-Doh.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
Reading and WritingStandard English Conventions
In 2008, two years after the death of science fiction writer Octavia Butler, the Huntington Library in ________ received a collection of more than 8,000 items, including Butler's private notes, research materials, manuscripts, photos, and drawings. Today, the Octavia E. Butler Collection is one of the most researched archives at the library.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
Reading and WritingStandard English Conventions
British scientists James Watson and Francis Crick won the Nobel Prize in part for their discoveries and the recognition they received in their 1953 paper announcing the double helix structure of DNA, but it is misleading to say that Watson and Crick discovered the double helix. ________ findings were based on a famous X-ray image of DNA fibers, "Photo 51," developed by X-ray crystallographer Rosalind Franklin and her graduate student Raymond Gosling.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
Reading and WritingStandard English Conventions
The sun never sets during the Arctic summer in the Far North. In response, reindeer in this region must change their sleep habits. Instead of resting when it gets dark, they rest when they need ________ their food.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
Reading and WritingStandard English Conventions
Gathering accurate data on water flow in the United States is challenging because of the country's millions of miles of ________ the volume and speed of water at any given location can vary drastically over time.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
Reading and WritingStandard English Conventions
Psychophysicist Howard Moskowitz was hired by a soda company to determine how much artificial sweetener ________ After conducting consumer taste tests, he found that no such ideal existed: participants expressed a wide range of preferences for different blends of sweetener, carbonization, and flavoring.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
Reading and WritingStandard English Conventions
Po'Pay was a Tewa leader from Ohkay Owingeh, a pueblo located about twenty-five miles north of present-day Santa Fe, New Mexico. He was instrumental in organizing the Pueblo Revolt of ________ as a result of his leadership, the Spanish colonizers were expelled from the region for a time.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
Reading and WritingStandard English Conventions
While exploring Nevada's Gypsum Cave in 1930, Seneca and Abenaki archaeologist Bertha Parker made her most famous discovery: the skull of a now-extinct ground slot (_Nothrotheriops shastensis_) alongside human-made tools. Parker's crucial finding was the first ________ humans in North America as far back as 10,000 years ago.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
Reading and WritingStandard English Conventions
Like other amphibians, the wood frog (Rana sylvatica) is unable to its own heat, so during periods of subfreezing temperatures, it ________ by producing large amounts of glucose, a sugar that helps prevent damaging ice from forming inside its cells.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
Reading and WritingStandard English Conventions
Classical composer Florence Price's 1927 move to Chicago marked a turning point in her career. It was there that Price premiered her First Symphony--a piece that was praised for blending traditional Romantic motifs with aspects of Black folk music--and ________ supportive relationships with other Black artists.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
Reading and WritingStandard English Conventions
Over twenty years ago, in a landmark experiment in the psychology of choice, professor Sheena lyengar set up a jam-tasting booth at a grocery store. The number of jams available for tasting ________ some shoppers had twenty-four different options, others only six. Interestingly, the shoppers with fewer jams to choose from purchased more jam.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
Reading and WritingStandard English Conventions
The fine, powdery substance that covers the Moon's surface is called regolith. Because regolith is both readily available and high in oxygen ________ scientists have wondered whether it could be used as a potential source of oxygen for future lunar settlements.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
Reading and WritingStandard English Conventions
In her book The Woman Warrior: Memoirs of a Girlhood Among Ghosts, author Maxine Hong Kingston examines themes ________ childhood, womanhood, and Chinese American identity by intertwining autobiography and mythology.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
Reading and WritingStandard English Conventions